Colonscopy
Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy is a medical procedure used to examine the inner lining of the colon (large intestine) and rectum. It is performed using a colonoscope, a long, flexible tube with a camera and light at the tip, which transmits real-time images to a monitor. Colonoscopy is an essential tool for diagnosing, preventing, and managing various colorectal conditions.
The procedure is commonly recommended for individuals over 45 as part of routine screening for colorectal cancer. It is also used to investigate symptoms such as rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea, constipation, or unexplained weight loss. During the procedure, doctors can detect and remove polyps, abnormal tissue growths that may develop into cancer over time. Biopsies can also be taken for further analysis.
Preparation for a colonoscopy involves bowel cleansing to ensure the colon is empty and clear for optimal visibility. This typically includes a liquid diet and a prescribed laxative the day before the procedure. The test is performed under sedation to ensure patient comfort, with most individuals experiencing little to no discomfort.
Colonoscopy is both diagnostic and therapeutic. Beyond cancer screening, it can identify and treat conditions such as diverticulosis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and strictures. Polyps and small lesions can be removed during the procedure, reducing the risk of future complications.
While colonoscopy is a safe procedure, it carries minimal risks, such as bleeding, infection, or bowel perforation. Recovery is usually quick, with patients resuming normal activities within 24 hours.
Regular colonoscopy screenings are a critical part of preventive healthcare, especially for those with a family history of colorectal cancer or polyps. By detecting and addressing issues early, colonoscopy significantly improves outcomes and helps maintain overall colorectal health.
