Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a medical procedure used to examine the lower part of the large intestine, including the rectum and sigmoid colon. It is performed using a sigmoidoscope, a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera, which provides real-time images of the intestinal lining.
Sigmoidoscopy helps diagnose conditions such as polyps, diverticulitis, colorectal cancer, and inflammatory bowel diseases like ulcerative colitis. The procedure is minimally invasive and typically requires less preparation than a full colonoscopy. It can also include biopsy or removal of small polyps. Sigmoidoscopy is a valuable tool for detecting and managing diseases of the lower gastrointestinal tract.
A sigmoidoscopy examines only the lower part of the colon (sigmoid colon and rectum), while a colonoscopy examines the entire length of the colon. Therefore a colonoscopy can detect problems in the whole colon, while a sigmoidoscopy is limited to the lower portion.
- Sigmoidoscopies are performed to:
- Investigate causes of rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, or changes in bowel habits.
- Screen for polyps or signs of colorectal cancer in the lower colon.
- Diagnose inflammatory bowel disease or other rectal/sigmoid colon conditions.
- Preparation usually involves:
- Enemas to clean out the lower part of the colon.
- In some cases, a limited dietary restriction may be advised.
- Your doctor will give you precise instructions.
The procedure typically takes 15 to 30 minutes.
You may experience mild cramping or bloating. You can usually resume normal activities shortly after the procedure.
